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How Antimicrobial Resistance Spreads and the Phenomenon of Selective Pressure  Hello everyone, I continue my post on the   Antimicrobial Resistance series. As promised, I will be talking about how antimicrobial resistance spreads and the phenomenon of Selective Pressure. Just take a few minutes to look at the image above. It perfectly summarizes how antimicrobial resistance spreads between humans, animals and the environment. Antimicrobial resistance is said to have spread when resistant microbes spread from person to person. Antimicrobial Resistance spreads same way infections are spread such as through poor hygiene, unclean facilities, sexual contacts, air borne e.t.c. Hence there goes the saying, Resistance anywhere is Resistance everywhere.  Secondly,  I must establish the concept of Selective Pressure.  When antibiotics are consumed in the presence of a drug-resistant microbe, the antibiotic will destroy susceptible microbes and promote the...
Antimicrobial Resistance Today in my post on the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Series , as part of an effort to create awareness and stimulate collective action against the high resistance rate of microbes against  available antimicrobial drugs, I will be talking about how microbes gain resistance. Remember that Antimicrobial resistance is the resistance of a microbe to antimicrobial drugs that were originally able to treat infections caused by it. Basically, there are 2 types of resistance: intrinsic resistance and acquired resistance. In intrinsic resistance, the organism is pre-programmed to be resistant to certain antimicrobial drugs. For example gram negative bacteria have a cell wall with an outer membrane. This outer membrane is capable of blocking the entry of some antibiotics, thereby being resistant to these drugs. Acquired resistance on the other hand is divided into vertical transmission (mutation) and horizontal transmission ( gene transfer) Mutation refer...
Hello everyone. I'm PharmDr Timothy Okooboh. I have joined the fight against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). Therefore I am dedicated to creating awareness and fostering Collective Action towards comtaining Antimicrobial Resistance.  I will be sharing some posts on AMR with the aim of promoting Rational and Appropriate use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs.  So do keep in touch. # promoting rational use of antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs # # young pharmacists can make a difference #